Effective Communication As A Health Care Professional

Communication is about more than just exchanging information. It s about understanding the emotion and intentions behind the information. Effective communication is how you convey a message so that it is received and understood by someone in exactly the way you intended (L. Robinson, J. Segal, Ph. D., M. Smith. 2015). This paper looks at the requirements of effective communication as a health care professional and the essential concepts to have as a registered nurse. Effective communication assists with many circumstances in clinical situations. Arnold, Boggs, Barraclough, Levett-Jones and Grover have discussed that different communication styles can be used to create stronger therapeutic relationships. Ideas supporting this argument are the effects of establishing a strong client nurse relationship and understanding the bridges to help construct and build a therapeutic relationship. Effective communication benefits us to enhance our understanding of a person. Determining the approp riate communication style to be used enables us, as a health care professional to resolve differences, build respect and trust, and be key in producing environments in which problem solving, creating ideas and caring can flourish. A therapeutic relationship is professional, interpersonal alliance in which the nurse and client join together for a defined period to achieve health-related treatment goals (Arnold and Boggs, 2011 p. 38). The authors evaluate basic communication concepts and howShow MoreRelatedEssay about Health Care Communication1509 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal and Professional Health Care Communication HCS/350 June 27, 2011 Personal and Professional Health Care Communication   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Health communication refers to health-related transactions between individuals who are attempting to maintain health and avoid illness (Northouse amp; Northouse, 1998, p. 20). 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M1 Asses the role of effective communication and interpersonal in health and social care with reference to theories of communication. Context Formal Formal communication is important in a health and social care context. Formal communication shows respect for others and is an effective way of communicating when used. Formal communication wouldRead MoreEffective Communication And Health Care Teams1308 Words   |  6 PagesEffective communication dramatically enhances the success of health care teams. Effective communication presents many positive implications for health care teams, including enhanced patient and team morale (O’Daniel Rosenstein, 2008, p. 273). Despite the positives of effective communication many health care teams are still presented with constant communication breakdown which can lead to detrimental outcomes for the patient and the team (Costa Lusk, 2017, p. 129). Communication breakdown will

Essay on Truth Exposed in Body Rituals among the Nacirema

Truth Exposed in Body Rituals among the Nacirema â€Å"Body Rituals among the Nacirema† is a document written by Mr. Horace Miner. Miner was a graduate of the University of Chicago, with a degree in anthropology. Throughout his life, Miner was dedicated to his studies ranging in anthropology to sociology. He was very interested in the study of anthropology, but Miner disagreed with the way that other cultures were represented. He thought American anthropologists believed that the American culture was â€Å"normal† and, that the other studied cultures were misrepresented (Hoogland). Miner was convinced to prove otherwise. He wanted to prove to other anthropologists that to other cultures the American culture could be viewed as unusual.†¦show more content†¦There were â€Å"listeners† or witch-doctors, who were there to listen to people who were having difficulties, and needed to seek help. Miner described each of these rituals in full detail. The dentist was said to be a sort of torture. They w ere said to drill holes in the teeth, and stuff the patient’s mouths full of hog hairs. The medical doctors were described to have been dreaded by children. The children would refer to the latipso (backwards spelling of hospital) as a place of no return. They only treated those who had wealth and, were able to return the favor with a sort of gift. The listeners, or psychologists, were believed to be magical. They were described as to making people recall back to traumatizing events, including their own birth. Things such as pregnancy were describe my Miner as to being altered by the moon, and magical drugs and potions by the women. The women were described as performing rituals to make their large breasts smaller and their small breasts larger. The women with the larger breasts were often able to go to other villages and were paid by the men to simply look at their breasts. With Miner descriptions, the women of American were actually made look shallow. Miner had such a creative way of altering sentences to throw the reader completely off track. When it was revealed that we were actually reading about the American culture, I was shocked. Miner’s discussion of the Nacirema

The Internet & the Web in Organizations-Free-Samples for Students

Question: You are required to engage in reflective and academic discussions on the forums in ITC596s interact site and curate your responses for submission. Answer: The Internet and the Web in Organizations Internet and the web occupy a larger part of the peoples life in todays world as it is completely unimaginable to lead a business without the involvement of the internet or the web. The involvement of the internet in daily operations considerably helps in business enhancement by automating the processes and complex business operations that can be seen within an organization. The use of internet is more prevalent in nowadays as it not only helps in proper management of the business operations running inside an organization, but also helps in reaching a wider audience. This is particularly because the internet and the web is an important tool of marketing. A company website can considerably help an organization in reaching a wider audience. It can further help a business in achieving a perfect image. The web and internet helps in reaching the customers of all age but more prominently helps in targeting the younger audiences (Baker, 2012). Ensuring a proper communication with the custom er is important for any business, which can be more conveniently achieved with the help of the internet. Many organizations are able to communicate with the customers via email or other similar medium, which might not have been possible without internet. Furthermore, the use of internet and the web have considerably simplified the way of collecting data and records that might be useful for setting up a business goal. A proper and an extensive research can be carried out by searching on the websites and the other available databases. This concept is called data mining. Its helps in retrieving many vital information that might be very useful for a particular business. This information includes, the latest market trends, stock exchange rate and so on. Furthermore, the internet and the web help the business in reaching a wider audience in terms of global audience. E-commerce website further helps in growth of business globally. Apart from this, the internet helps in managing the communication with the people in an organization that is based on different locations. Transactions can be carried out more conveniently with the online tools and therefore it can conveniently be said that the internet and the web plays a major role in organizations. However, the use of internet and web in the organization is subjected to certain risks or threats that may hamper the performance of the organization. Denial of the service attack is one such threat that can freeze all the operations of a particular network for some time. Apart from this, the storage and retrieval of data online is subjected to a number of risks that includes loss or modification of the private and confidential information due to a malware (Kessler, 2014). This might cause a huge loss to the company. Other threats include the botnet attack that is generally initiated by an intruder in order to gain access or control all the systems connected in a particular network. Phishing is another such threat that in prevalent in the organizations where the intruder trying to interpret a communication by hacking a communication channel (Dillman, Smyth Christian, 2014). Therefore, an organization needs a proper information system in order to mitigate the risks that a company mig ht face while making use internet and the web. WannaCry ransomware attack of 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack is one of the most sophisticated attacks of the recent time. More than 200,000 victims all over the world have been infected by this malware, out of which the NHS was one of the worst affected victims. This attack was launched on May 12 this year that infected more than 230000 computers. The malware locked all the files present in a computer system and demanded a ransom from the owner in form of bitcoins. If not paid within a stipulated time, all the files from the computer are deleted permanently. The attack was dangerous as the malware was able to transfer to the different systems connected over a single network without human intervention (Mohurle Patil, 2017). The WannaCry malware mainly targeted a large organizations as it could spread through the organizations internal network. A malware can spread through a number of ways. The WannaCry ransomware targeted the vulnerability of systems that were running on and older and un-patched version of the Micros oft windows. This global attack could have been prevented if proper measures were taken. The steps that are needed to be taken in order to prevent this type of attack in future are as follows- A proper information security system can be implemented in the organizations in order to mitigate the risk of entry of any malware into the system. Every system should have a proper antivirus installed in order to identify any malware invading the system. The antivirus should undergo regular updates in order to mitigate the risk of viruses or malware infecting the system. WannaCry ransomware targeted the systems that were not patched. Microsoft had released the patch earlier and has asked its users to update to a newer version of the operating system. Therefore, it is essential to keep the patches of the operating system up to date. Apart from this, the windows firewall should never be turned off as it plays a vital role in detecting an intruder into the system. Phishing or spam emails is one of the major sources of malware propagation. Therefore, the emails received from the unknown sender should be handled cautiously. The unknown link or attachments should not be opened. The email spam setting should be personalized in order to mitigate the risk of information theft. Use of a proper security suite may help in detecting and eliminating a malware present in the system and can further help in browsing through a public network or WIFI (O'dowd, 2017). The WannaCry ransomware would not have taken such a dangerous form if the ransom were not paid. Therefore, it is always a good idea to keep a regular backup of the files, which can be restored in emergency situation like this attack (Gordon, Fairhall Landman, 2017). References Baker, J. (2012). The technologyorganizationenvironment framework. InInformation systems theory(pp. 231-245). Springer New York. Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., Christian, L. M. (2014).Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: the tailored design method. John Wiley Sons. Gordon, W. J., Fairhall, A., Landman, A. (2017). Threats to Information SecurityPublic Health Implications.New England Journal of Medicine,377(8), 707-709. Kessler, G. C. (2014). Denial?of?Service Attacks.Computer Security Handbook, Sixth Edition, 18-1. Mohurle, S., Patil, M. (2017). A brief study of wannacry threat: Ransomware attack 2017.International Journal,8(5). O'dowd, A. (2017). Major global cyber-attack hits NHS and delays treatment.BMJ: British Medical Journal (Online),357.

Sex In Society Essays - Human Sexuality, Gender Studies, Behavior

Sex In Society Sex plays a major role in today's society. From television, radio, music, and advertisements, to video games, the Internet, and even art and pictures, all forms of media use sex to help sell their products. With the public being exposed to so many different types, the overuse and exploitation of sex is common. Is sex a useful tool, or a ploy to get the attention of the public? Before discussing sex in the media, one must understand why it has come to be that people use sex as a gimmick. The writing of modern history has resulted in a viewpoint that is nothing short of a stag party. The history of women is ignored, hushed up, and censored in the most literal sense of the term. This method of eliminating the social and political destiny of half of humanity is the most effective form of supremacy. (Janssen-Jurreit, 1982, pp. 15-16) The world we live in today is still man-made, no less now then in the nineteenth century. Eve Zaremba states in Privilege of Sex: Women's self-awareness as females has until very recently reflected the world's (i.e. men's) image of them; how well their personal performance matched male expectations. As English Canadians began to develop an identity in 19th century society, they mirrored the ideals for women of the Victorian period: gentility, weakness, ignorance and submissiveness. (Zaremba, 1974, p. i ) These individual roles, as described by Oneill and Leone in Male/Female Roles: Opposing Viewpoints as the relationship of a man or woman to society on the basis of gender, became essential in shaping male and female attitudes towards one another. Over the past twenty years remarkable changes in these traditional male and female roles have been witnessed. The subsequent impact on men, women, and families due to these changes is believed to be, by many social historians, caused by the re-emergence of the women's movement. (p.13) Though a positive alteration of roles has occurred, how is it that children of this century still may obey stereotypes? A baby is born knowing nothing, but full of potential. (p.19) Oneill and Leone believe that the process by which an individual becomes a creature of society, a socialized human being, reflects culturally defined roles and norms. The first crucial question asked by the parents of a newborn baby is What is it? A boy or a girl? (p.25) Other queries about attributes of health and physical conditions are only brought up afterwards, the first priority is to establish its sex. Indeed, almost immediately, gender identity is permanently stamped on the child by the name it is given. (p.26) Recent research has established beyond a doubt that males and females are born with a different set of instructions built into their genetic code. Studies at Harvard University and elsewhere show that marked differences between male and female baby behaviour are already obvious in the first months of life. Females are more oriented towards people. Male infants, on the other hand, are more interested in thing s. Stanford psychologists Karl Pribram and Dianne McGuinness conclude that women are communicative animals while men are manipulative animals. Some people believe this is hereditary, while others think that if boys and girls were brought up in exactly the same way then all behavioral differences between men and women would evaporate. (p.26) Beginning in early adolescence, children develop their own ideas of male and female roles with the perception of the conduct and activities of his or her parents and other adults in their world, including characters on television. Young people are exposed to advertising from a very early age. The effect, says the Ontario Ministry of Education, especially of advertising on television, has a significant bearing on girls' and boys' behaviour, and their aspirations. To most children the commercial message is another piece of information received from the television set. It is often difficult for them to distinguish truth from fiction, particularly when the fiction is packaged in compelling words, striking images, and catchy music. (Ontario Ministry of Education, 1975, pp. 5-7) An overwhelming amount of the visualizations that young kids see are the stereotypical images of women and girls. This almost makes it seem legitimized, states Hon. David Macdonald,

Huckleberry Finn and Quest for Moral Truth Essays

Huckleberry Finn and Quest for Moral Truth Essays Huckleberry Finn and Quest for Moral Truth Paper Huckleberry Finn and Quest for Moral Truth Paper intend to separate Hack from obtaining moral truth. Rather, these characters are simply acting in compliance with what has been taught to them by society. The more Hack distances himself from the direct influence of society, the higher the moral tankard he is able to set for himself. Though Hack has a newfound sense of morality, he is unable to fulfill his intentions due to the series of interruptions he faces. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, social authority serves to stall and/or repress the progression of Husks moral development. And so, Hack makes the decision not to return and become civilized but to travel alone again, where he can make Nils own echelons Ana progress. He says, Aunt sally sines going to adopt me and civilize me and I cant stand it. I been there before (307).

¡Cállate la boca! Professor Ramos Blog

 ¡Cllate la boca! Top page (tracing paper) with quote from How to Tame a Wild Tongue In How to Tame a Wild Tongue, Gloria Anzaldua reflects on her experiences as a Chicana woman in the United States. According to Anzaldua, there has been a movement of sorts during the 1980’s that has resulted in new terms like â€Å"Chicana† and â€Å"Mestiza† to describe Mexican-American women. While this work also focuses on the dual identity aspect of her experiences, I chose to focus on her assessment of language and linguistic acceptance for my creative adaptation. In the adaptation, I show a top page with the quote, â€Å"Wild tongues can’t be tamed, they can only be cut out.† This quote from the text is accompanied by the word â€Å"callate† written over the woman’s mouth. This is meant to symbolize the attempt of others, whoever those others may be, to silence the woman’s mother tongue or expression of her chosen language(s). I chose tracing paper as the top medium because while you can see the woman, the details are harder to see and she is much less vibrant than the big red lettering of â€Å"callate.† This represents the idea that by silencing the woman, you are also taking away part of everything that she is: her identity, personality, and overall self. This also allows a transitional moment in the art piece wherein the top page can be folded backward to reveal the rest of the drawing which will be further discussed in a moment. In the text, Anzaldua recites memories of growing up and being told, â€Å"If you want to be American, speak American.† Even her own mother encouraged her to speak English and to do so without an accent. She was punished for using her native language and was made to take additional classes in college in order to eliminate her accent. Being Chicana, or Mexican-American, had given her an â€Å"internalized belief that [she] speaks poor Spanish.† She says that instead of being an illegitimate, bastard language, Chicano Spanish â€Å"is a living language† that is still growing and adapting, as are all languages. She explores the idea in which â€Å"ethnic identity is twin skin to linguistic identity.† This means that an attack on the language she chooses to use, is an attack on her entirety. Saying her language is illegitimate or unworthy is the same as saying she herself is illegitimate or unworthy. In a 1999 journal article titled â€Å"Language Choice in U.S. Latina First Person Narrative: The Effects of Language Standardization and Subordination† Holly R. Cashman examines the â€Å"social evaluation of language†. This refers to the tendency of people, especially white colonizers, to judge a person based on an inability to, or choice not to, conform to traditional English language norms. She summarizes that Anzaldua is unique in that she accepts her language proficiency as it is and instead challenges readers to work to understand her writing. She forces readers to meet her halfway by not including English translations in parts of her work. Cashman comments on the ever evolving study of language, saying: previously considered a kind of deviant linguistic behavior which indicated a speakers inability to separate the two languages at her or his disposal, linguists now recognize code-switching as a functional behavior which demonstrates the speakers ability to manipulate the grammar and lexicon of two languages at the same timeCashman, 1999 This is significant to the work because it demonstrates a shift in the social perception of bilingualism that Anzaldua herself has been striving towards. Code-switching, or the practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in conversation, has long been looked down upon as a deficiency of language rather than a proficiency. Anzaldua wrote, in How to Tame a Wild Tongue, a powerful and moving ultimatum: Until I am free to write bilingually and to switch codes without having always to translate, while I still have to speak English or Spanish when I would rather speak Spanglish, and as long as I have to accommodate the English speakers rather than having them accommodate me, my tongue will be illegitimate.Gloria Anzaldua, 1987 As previously stated, in my adaptation, the top page represents the attempt to silence certain languages and the stigma surrounding free linguistic expression. Using tracing paper allows a transition to the main portion of the drawing in which a womans face is presented on a floral background that is meant to be reminiscent of traditional Mexican art, beading, or embroidery. The womans face is split down the middle between a young Chicana woman gazing proudly out of the page and an older woman who seems to be smirking because of a triumphantly lived life. The women represent Chicana identity and embody the pride that Chicanas should have in their heritage and culture. Anzaldua writes, Stubborn, persevering, impenetrable as stone, yet possessing a malleability that renders us unbreakable, we [the Chicanas and mestizas] will remain. The bottom page in my creative adaptation represents that enduring quality of these women against the stereotypes, racism, discrimination, or stigma that t hey may face. Cashman, Holly R. â€Å"Language Choice in U.S. Latina First Person Narrative: The Effects of Language Standardization and Subordination.† Discourse, vol. 21, no. 3, 1999, pp. 132–150. JSTOR, jstor.org/stable/41389549. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 9th ed., vol. 2, W.W. Norton Company, 2017.

Compile a fully comprehensive and detailed lab report from notes Essay

Compile a fully comprehensive and detailed lab report from notes - Essay Example One of the most vivid ways on how it affects electromagnetic waves is how astronomers apply color shift from light waves from astral bodies to determine the speed of these bodies and how far they move from the earth. In a Doppler radar system, a known frequency signal is transmitted from an antenna pointed at a reference object. Another antenna is used to receive the signal reflected back from the reference to determine the Doppler shift of the relevant signal. A radar is represented by a block diagram consisting of an RF (microwave) section, signal processing section, and a a regulated power supply section. A successful design for a Doppler radar system requires an understanding of; The first principle is that when microwave energy is reflected by a moving target, a shift in frequency occurs. This is principle adopted by all Doppler radars. The frequency shift amount is directly proportional to the target’s velocity which is relative to the radar’s transmitter. The Doppler Shift frequency is given by; The design for the antenna, PCB and circuit design were done through the help of friends. One friend was to work on testing and assembly, the other the proto-type circuit. I worked on the design of the box. The LCD was connected to the whole circuit by the headers. Issues of concern in the design were power transmission, power reception, frequency, the radar target cross-section, the radar target distance and the speed of light. The dimensions were determined and the radar gain G, established. These activities were captured and completed on the second day. Issues of concern were the radar cross-section, transmission time, and shape of the radar system. The effects of reflection were determined by materials, size and shape of the system. Radar cross-section determines the amount of reflected radio wave. From the project, the radar cross-section, the minimum range for the radar

The Main Role Of Corporate Accountability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Main Role Of Corporate Accountability - Essay Example It is emphasized that stakeholders are identified by their interests and all are considered to be intrinsically valuable. As a managerial tool, it recommends attitudes and practices and requires that attention is given to all legitimate stakeholders i.e.  government, investors, political groups, suppliers, customers, communities, trade associates and employees. When the corporation takes responsibility for decisions that earn them profits in spite of their negative impact on degenerating environment, social and ethical issues their organizations/corporate have to be accountable. S ome corporations report voluntarily while others are obliged to thorough policies and regulations; traditionally corporate use the inputs of investors; employees and supplies to convert inputs to salable outputs which customers buy and return to the firm some capital benefits. A s evident in www.wikipendia.org, scholars that include Donaldson & Preston (1995), Mitchell, Agle and Wood (1997), Philips (2003) their supportive contributions that corporations should act both morally for operation and management of corporations.

Political Philosophy and Machiavelli Essay Example for Free

Political Philosophy and Machiavelli Essay And if all men were good, this teaching would not be good; but because they are wicked and do not observe faith with you, you also do not have to observe it with them (69). Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince is arguably the most famous and controversial political science book of all time. Many think of Machiavelli as synonymous with evil. The father of the idea that the ends will always justify the means, the term Machiavellian has become connected with selfish, brutal, or immoral actions. Machiavelli has long been associated with totalitarianism, conquest, and tyranny. But is this label deserved? Is The Prince a book that expresses evil? Many argue that Machiavelli is not a teacher of evil, but bases his teachings on a pragmatic realism that has long been a part of politics. He would certainly not be the first to have such a view, and he is certainly not the last. In promoting his realistic view of power and politics, Machiavelli does not teach evil, instead, he uses necessity and practicality as the criteria in which his thought is based on. In this way we see that he does not put the matter of good or evil as a priority in his actions, but uses practical methods to make his choice in each instance as to what is necessary and beneficial. Through the exploration of the basis for Machiavellis treatment of ethics and his agenda for writing The Prince we see that his teachings are not evil, but based on political pragmatism and necessity. He himself makes it clear as he advises the Prince on how to be able to do what is necessary whether it is good or evil. And so he needs to have a spirit to change as the winds of fortune and variations of things commanded him, and as I said above, not depart from good, when possible, but know how to enter into evil, when forced by necessity (70). Machiavelli treats morality and prudence not as guides for a Prince, but as tools to use for political gain. In this way we see that Machiavelli is not preaching evil, which would be to encourage the opposite of virtue and morality, but to use them in different ways depending on the situation. Virtue is a key concept when discussing moral living and actions, and vice is the opposite of virtue. The concepts of virtue and vice are age-old ideas ingrained within human society. But the traditional view of virtue and vice, laid out by such thinkers as Aristotle and Plato, is changed to fit the pursuit of power in Machiavellians The Prince. Classic virtue comes from a criterion based on just and beneficial interaction, while pursuing an end, within a civil society. This interaction can involve the impact of an individual on another individual, a citizen and a state, or even an impact an individual has upon himself. Thus a man who sacrifices his life to save his friend, city, or beliefs is thought of as virtuous. On the other hand the reciprocal of this action would be vice, a man who sacrifices his friend, city or beliefs to preserve his life may be viewed as possessing a vice. Virtue finds its anchor in morality and ethics, and upholds that, it is focused on preserving qualities like justice and harmony. The change in the Machiavellian code of morality comes as a result as result of an entire shift in what the foundation of this morality is built on, namely the ends being pursued. The Machiavellian concept of virtue not only divorces virtue completely from its ethical foundation, but places it on a foundation of ability to execute what is necessary in order to achieve what is desired. In this case what is desired is power, which is to be strictly maintained and used to achieve glorious ends, whatever they may be. From this foundation of the pursuit and maintenance of power comes the Machiavellian outlook on everything else, and is the reason in which he is able to separate ethics from politics. Morality in its classical sense would only serve to get in the way of power and prudence; it creates unnecessary dilemmas between what is politically necessary and morally correct, interfering with being a wise ruler. Therefore the Prince must take the necessary actions regardless of their moral ramifications. ? [If] one considers everything well, one will find something that appears to be virtue, which if pursued would be ones ruin, and something else appears to be vice, which if pursued results in ones security and well-being (62). Machiavelli removes the foundation of prudence and virtue from morality, and reinterprets them in regards to necessity and power. Correct policy within The Prince is based on the Machiavellian conception of virtue and prudence. Stemming from this, Machiavelli at times refers to virtue and prudence in their classical definitions, pertaining to high morality, and just actions. But at other times in The Prince, he refers to them as directly pertaining to the proper execution of power. For example he often compares a rulers success, not morality, with virtue. No matter how brutal the ruler, if he is able to hold power well then he is virtuous. Prudence is thought of as being careful, observant and logical in the classical sense. But Machiavelli uses it to describe a ruler who is very sharp, decisive, and makes the correct choices. A prudent lord, therefore, cannot observe faith, nor should he, when such observance turns against him, and causes that made him promise have been eliminated (69). It therefore would be prudent for a ruler to massacre a rebellion, if it meant the ultimate preservation of power. In this case necessity calls for action, even if those actions go against classical morality. A ruler, who has correct judgment and knows what is the best course of action, would take the proper measures to stop the rebellion and pay no attention to the morality of his actions. The ends in this case change the conception of the codes in which the means are to be judged by; no longer is the end such universally beneficial ideas of peace and justice, but power and conquest. Virtue and prudence to Machiavelli hold meaning only in the sense of ability and accomplishment. To Machiavelli cunning would be a virtue, as would decisiveness while wielding power. A vice for a ruler would be stupidity, or ignorance of ones own subjects. Something that is virtuous in the classical sense would only be followed if it were deemed compatible with the situation, and did not in anyway undermine the ends being pursued. The Machiavellian view is based on and around a realism seen in politics and history, and is amoral. The entire intent of the book was to write a pragmatic and realistic approach to dealing with power, not a lesson in high virtue and morality. He states, But since my intent is to write something useful to whoever understands it, it has appeared to me more fitting to go directly to the effectual truth of the thing than to the imagination of it (61). He finds that necessity is what guides most actions. ? [Because] men will always turn out bad for you unless they have been made good by a necessity(95). A military training manual written on the best way to execute killing would not go into a debate on whether or not killing is right or wrong. The manual would be almost amoral and not go into the debate, those who have already settled that debate in their minds would read it, and the same follows for The Prince. One should not associate the teachings of The Prince as something that Machiavelli himself feels is moral, just and proper, but rather what history has shown to be the ideal and efficient way to handle power. Survivor in the political world creates certain necessities, and forces individuals to undertake certain actions in order to ensure success. ? [for] it is so far from how one lives to how one should live that he who lets go of what is done for what should be done learns his ruin rather than his preservation (61). The purpose of The Prince is not a guide to being a moral Prince, but how to abide by necessity and pragmatism. Just as a purpose of the war manual would not be the ethics of killing. The manual would not debate war as a just or unjust means to an end, but instead would accept it as reality, and try to approach it with the same harsh reality. In fact the entire purpose of The Prince was to serve as a guide to restore Italy to greatness, a path that can only be achieved by power. He uses examples from throughout history of rulers who acted successfully when faced with a situation, drawing from these examples he shows the correct actions that a Prince should follow. There is no room for being a virtuous and honest ruler, as it will be at odds with the reality of political life. Because he uses realistic examples from history, we see his true pragmatic nature; his ultimate goal is the achievement of his ends, not the correct actions. Machiavelli uses the actions of past rulers whether or not they are just, as long as they prove successful for the ends being pursued. Machiavelli himself states that he has taken a realist approach, and outlines the reason as to why he has taken this approach, as being necessary and efficient. If one were to examine the way in which Machiavelli looks towards allowing freedom towards his subjects, or the treatment of honesty toward his subjects, one would conclude that Machiavelli himself was not in favor of these things. It would be a mistake to reach this conclusion, it is not so much that he is against freedom or truth, but he realizes that these things will damage and undermine ones power the goal and focus of The Prince. For a man who wants to make a profession of good in all regards must come to ruin among so many who are not good (61). Machiavelli is not favoring things that we would view as brutality, deception and in many cases evil; instead he is using them as tools in an act to obtain what he desires. Machiavelli spends much time on the behavior that a Prince should follow in order to be successful. Although Machiavelli goes through many different traits and practices a ruler should follow, the two that he deems very necessary are to be loved and to be feared. Machiavelli stresses that a ruler should seek to be loved, but above all make sure that he is not hated, because if he is hated it will ultimately be his undoing. This follows the Machiavellian line of pragmatism and necessity; it is not motivated by a lust for evil or deceit, but is something that many people who are appalled by his amorality would agree with. If Machiavelli were a teacher of evil he would never make such a statement. A leader who is feared will ultimately deter any action against him by his ability to control the actions of the people with his fear. . Morality will only serve to hamper a princes abilities. This has to be understood: that a prince, especially a new prince, cannot observe all those things for which a men are held good, since he is often under a necessity, to maintain his state, of acting against faith, against charity, against humanity, against religion. And so he needs to have a spirit disposed to change as the winds of fortune an variations of things command him? (70). The most efficient way to deal with a problem is usually not the moral way, and Machiavelli time and time again points to this as the reason in which he chooses the path he does. His book is not for idealists, and as he states idealists rarely accomplish what they want. His book is for the guidance of a Prince towards power, and the ability to maintain that power. All of these things follow the strict Machiavellian criteria of necessity for power. Whether these things are good or evil in our eyes is not the topic of discussion for Machiavelli, therefore it does not concern him, what he seeks is the necessary actions to gain and maintain power. Hence it is necessary to a prince, if he wants to maintain himself, to learn to be able not to be good, and to use this and not use it according to necessity (61). This doctrine of pragmatism within The Prince was not invented by Machiavelli, one can look at it as merely an expression of the practical political ideas of his time, and perhaps forever. We see that Machiavelli puts forth an ethics of political convenience. It does not hold to or allow itself to be hampered by morality, virtue, or Christian values, but allows them only when opportune and beneficial. The Princes doctrine supports actions including murder, deceit, and betrayal given that the Prince will benefit from it. The ethics found within Machiavelli is entirely based upon a realistic outlook upon the political world and caters to political convenience. To Machiavelli this moral code of convenience and pragmatism is a political necessity. He states that when it is politically necessary to act in accordance with a vice then one must do so in the interest of power. And furthermore one should not care about incurring the fame of those vices without which it is difficult to save ones state? (62). He holds that the world will swallow up idealists, and that it is unrealistic to expect someone to exercise morality when dealing with a political situation, or their enemies. Through the exploration of the basis for Machiavellis treatment of ethics and his agenda for writing The Prince we see that his teachings are not evil, but based on political pragmatism and necessity. Machiavelli treats morality and prudence not as guides for a Prince, but as tools to use for political gain. By removing the foundation of prudence and virtue from morality, he reinterprets them in regards to necessity and power. The amoral Machiavellian view centers on a realism seen in politics and history. The entire purpose of The Prince is not a guide to being a morally, but a guide to necessity and pragmatism. This doctrine of pragmatism within The Prince was not invented by Machiavelli, but used masterfully by him to craft a powerful instructional book on power. The concept of morality is not attacked or thrown away, but put aside and only referred to or used when necessary. In the real world few will be honest, or moral, so it becomes necessary for one to also set these things aside as it will conflict with ones ends. This is the reality of politics and Machiavelli recognizes this and refers to it many times in the book as the reason to why he chooses the path he does and not out of evil or some wish for deceitful actions. Political reality deems his method necessary, thus it is a realistic and pragmatic way to approach the subject.

Essay --

B00454342 AFST/HIST 283A, Introduction to African History December 16, 2013 1. (a) Africans and Europeans had religious relations. The spread of Christianity was introduced by the Byzantines, specifically in the Horn of Africa and the Nile Valley. They also had political and economic relations. When the European countries and empires, such as the Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire, interest in Africa increased, they began to impose their rule on Africa. Europeans saw an opportunity for personal benefits in Africa because of its plethora of natural resources. These empires practiced mercantilism. European nations were the mother countries of Africa. The Europeans would use the colony for natural recourses and once these resources were obtained they would produce goods to sell back to the colonies. Another economic relation between the two was slavery. During the Atlantic Slave Trade, Europeans would buy and sell slaves from Africa. This also resulted in sexual relations between Africans and Europeans, resulting in mixed races. (b) In North and West Africa the Asians and Africans had religious, political, and economic relationships. The trade routes between Asia and North Africa are ancient due to the accessibility through the Suez Canal and the Bab el Mandeb. These trade routes allowed culture, traditions, religion, and ideas to culturally diffuse between the two countries. Religiously, the spread of Islam was mainly due to the expansion of the Muslim political system. Muslims were seen as liberators from the harsh rule of the Byzantines, so the Africans welcomed them. The Muslim government in North Africa allowed religious freedom. 2. (a) African Traditional Religions (ATRs) are pantheistic. The power of a god is manifeste... ... literate and was educated about the world. These elites formed social organizations, independent churches, and newspapers. Once independence was achieved Africans struggled taking control of the economy because they had no prior training, but politically they had some success. Therefore, African poverty was a result of colonial exploitation by the capitalist west. They became very dependent on trade, specifically imports, many of which came from their previous colonizers. However, colonization and decolonization expanded connections between Africans and the world beyond its borders. After decolonization, Africans increased their mobility out of the continent, furthering the cultural diffusion and Westernization of their customs, traditions, and beliefs. They also have altered the cultures of other peoples by influencing aspects of culture such as music and sports.

Examining Musculoskeletal Injuries Health And Social Care Essay

Fractures or ligament hurts frequently require immobilisation for effectual healing. Subsequently, uninjured tissues for case ; sinews and joint capsules ( i.e. connective tissue ) undergo unfavorable alterations as a consequence of the forced deficiency of motion ( Loitz et al 1988 ) . As stated by ( Houglum 2005 ) â€Å" Mobility of the musculoskeletal system is determined by the composing of connective tissue and the orientation of assorted soft tissue constructions † . Connective tissue refers to clamber, facia, sinews, ligaments, joint capsules and musculus facia. Connective tissue can be farther discussed under ; intramuscular connective tissue and periarticular connective tissue. During the procedure of reorganization connective tissue has the inclination to shorten and go thick and fibrotic ( Houglum 2005 ) . ( Walsh et al 1989 ) found that connective tissue, ligaments specifically are influenced biomechanically, biochemically and morphologically by immobilisation. ( Noyes et al 1974 ) indicated that these influences on connective tissue are altered by 4 mechanisms: ( I ) changes in the synthesis and debasement equilibrium of collagen ( two ) alterations in collagen cross links ( three ) fluctuations in H2O and electrolyte content of connective tissue and ( four ) alterations in the alliance, figure and thickness of collagen fibers. Periarticular connective tissue: Composition of two constituents ; cells and extracellular matrix. Matrix is made up of collagen, elastin, reticulin and land substance. ( Donatelli & A ; Owens – Burkhart 1981 ) stated alterations to the construction of connective tissue are straight related to joint stiffness therefore ensuing in restricted motion. He besides noted the importance of collagen within connective tissue, making greater tensile strength and stabilisation through increased fiber binding. The mechanical strength of collagen is due to hydroxylation of lysine to hydroxylysine which histories for the increased fiber binding ( i.e. the cross – links of next collagen fibers ) . As these fibers mature the intra and intermolecular bonds ( cross – links ) rise in figure therefore supplying greater strength to the fibers. Within land substance glycoaminoglycans ( GAG ) binds with H2O making a semi fluid syrupy gel within which the collagen and fibrocytes are emb edded. The lubricator maintains a distance between the fibers, thereby allowing free glide of the fibers past each other and forestalling inordinate cross – linking ( Donatelli & A ; Owens – Burkhart 1981 ) . Land substance in connective tissue comes manus in manus with collagen with regard functional ability. ( Minns et al 1973 ) tested the importance of land substance in CT, through the usage of chelating agents and enzymes, what they found was a important lessening in stiffness, strength and other clip dependent belongingss in its absence. With immobilisation the production and lysis of collagen additions, it is besides believed that the loss of extensibility is non due to the volume of collagen deposited but from the country it is deposited it from ( Lederman ) . Furthermore a loss of GAG and H2O in the land substance consequences in fading of the extracellular matrix this cause ‘s less separation and more cross – nexus formation between collagen fiber s ( Woo et al 1981 ) . Post hurt, freshly formed fibrin and collagen fibers organize in a disorganised manner when immobilized. This reduces the entire tenseness strength of the tissue. Collagen fibres when aligned along the lines of mechanical emphasis produce their greatest strength. The importance of collagen alliance is apparent in the survey undertaken by ( Noyes et al 1974 ) ; he found a 39 per cent lessening in maximal failure of the anterior cruciate ligament in archpriest ‘s station 8 hebdomads immobilisation. Intramuscular connective tissue: Normally composes of epimysium, perimysium and endomysium. These connective tissues play a large function towards the snap of skeletal musculus as the non – contractile constituent. The extra binding of connective tissue to muscle cells preserves its dependability during contraction while guaranting close contact between the blood capillaries and nervousnesss within the skeletal musculus ( Jarvinen 2002 ) . Jozsa and co-workers found with immobilisation the degrees of endomysium and perimysium within the intramuscular connective tissue increased ensuing in separation of single musculus fibers, along with reduced degrees of blood capillaries and transverse sectional country of musculus fibers ( Jozsa et al 1988 ) . These connective tissues bind to muscle cells and conserves its unity during contraction and embracings blood capillaries and nervousnesss within the skeletal musculus to maintain them close attachment with each other. The accretion of endomysial and perimysial connective tissue may lend to the damage of intramuscular blood circulation, and the lessening in Numberss of capillaries may, in bend, lead to an addition in the sum of connective tissue, get downing a barbarous circle. These pronounced changes in the distribution, administration and architecture of the intramuscular collagen may eventually take to macroscopic loss of musculus extensibility and other tensile belongingss ( Jarvinen 1976, 1977 ) . Joint Immobilization: One of the chief utilizations of manual therapy is to bring forth elongation of the CT constructions that are abnormally keeping arthrokinematic gesture, through physiologic motions or accoutrement motions ( Maitland 2005 ) . Accessary motions ( joint drama and constituent of gesture ) are a type of inactive exercisings designed to re-establish joint drama through arthrokinematic gesture of ; axial rotation, slide, spin compaction and distraction. It ‘s highlighted that â€Å" joint drama † is indispensable for the return of normal joint map ( Mennell, 1964 ) . The strength of the mobilisation techniques with rhythmic oscillatory motions normally is categorized harmonizing to the 5-grade categorization system of Maitland ( Vermeulen et al 2006 ) . In conformity with the 5 – class system grade I and II performed toward the induction of accessible arthokinematic ROM intend to chiefly cut down degrees of hurting exposing analgetic effects, but non to stretch CT. ( 11 7 Kisner 25, 34 ) . While classs III and IV are chiefly employed as stretching tactics at terminal of available arthrokinematic ROM. Intending to stretch CT ( Threlkeld 1992 ) . Connective tissues have viscoelastic belongingss whereby distortion of its fibers consequences from a burden at changing rates, the elastic belongingss produce station mobilization kick with no alteration in length and the plastic belongingss result in lasting elongation ( Basmajian & A ; Nyberg 1993 ) , expressed through the emphasis – strain curve as seen in figure 1. ( Threlkeld 1992 ) found it was through fictile distortion that the resting length of CT changed. However, this is merely possible due to microfailure of separate collagen fibres i.e. CT harm must happen through breakage of links linking bordering connective tissue packages so these broken fibers will non factor in the kick of the tissue therefore making a new length of the CT. Mobilization techniques that stretch collagen construction s into their fictile scope of distortion addition ‘s the tissue ‘s mobility ( Maitland 1991 ) . Owing to the amplitudes of classs III and IV within the restricting ROM sufficient mechanical alteration is at manus to work the viscoelasticity belongingss of CT to incite lasting elongation, diagrammatically seen in Figure 2. ( Randell et al 1992 ) investigated grip and semivowel techniques on the joint stiffness of 18 topics post 2 hebdomads immobilisation of metacarpal breaks. This intervention resulted in a ample addition in active ROM and lessening in joint stiffness compared to the control group supplying grounds of the effectivity of joint mobilisation in changing mechanics of an immobilized articulation. A 2nd survey undertaken by ( Landrum et al 2008 ) used a grade III oscillation motion in the betterment of ankle dorsiflexion in an AP way, which resulted in a ample recovery in ROM. Inactive Stretching: ( Kisner & A ; Colby 2005 ) attest that non-contractile soft tissues are known to give more readily to a low strength, continuously applied stretch force, as used in inactive stretch. Low strength stretching consequences in optimum rates of betterment in ROM without exposing tissues, perchance weakened by immobilisation, to inordinate tonss of potentially hurt. Inactive stretching is performed by puting musculuss at their greatest possible length and keeping that place for a period of clip ( Anderson & A ; Burke 1991 ) . Inactive stretching is applied to re-establish tissue snap and decrease the strain in the muscle-tendon unit with joint gesture. There are two physical belongingss associated with musculus tissue that have an influence on the musculus sinew unit, they are creep and stress relaxation. ( figure 3. ) , ( Cross & A ; Worrell 1999 ) During weirdo, the sustained prolongation of the tissue under uninterrupted burden means that reorientation of collagen fibers ‘ and re distribution of H2O due to increasing overall strain in CT can originate, determined by the strain energy exposed to CT ( Purslow et al 1997 ) . This is typically low magnitudes within the elastic scope. Stress relaxation operates while the musculus – sinew unit is put under stretch at a kept up length, following weirdo, a lessening in force to keep the length and decrease in tissue tenseness is observed. Harmonizing to ( Kisner & A ; Colby 2007 ) the recovery versus lasting elongation depends on the force and clip of the distortion ( plastic ) phase in the emphasis – strain curve. Study undertaken by ( Talyor et al 1990 ) found through insistent stretching of musculus – tendon units of the extensor digitorum longus in coneies to a uninterrupted length well lowered peak inactive tenseness. He advances this farther, proposing that stretching reduced the â€Å" viscousness and/or stiffness of musculus sinews units † , holding a considerable affect in increasing of articulation ROM. In relation to hysteresis, it is believed to be a strong arrow of viscousness nowadays in tissue therefore ; low degrees of hysteresis station inactive stretching can bespeak a diminution in viscousness. ( Kubo et al 2001 ) besides provided grounds that inactive stretching for 10 proceedingss significantly decreased the stiffness and hysteresis of tendon constructions in median gastrocnemius musculus. Compare and Contrast of Techniques: Both therapies have associated outcome steps yet their application, effects, and force applied to connective tissue varies when bring oning these favorable result steps. With regard the application of joint mobilisations, surveies differ somewhat with regard to the length of clip the oscillatory motions are applied, ( Randall et al 1992 ) intervention dosage comprised of two sets of 20 oscillations, at a rate of 1 oscillation per sec with a interruption of 30 seconds between each set. Relation to inactive stretching ( Bandy et al 1997 ) stated for effectual additions in flexibleness determined by increased articulatio genus extension ROM one must execute inactive stretches for 30 or 60 seconds one or three times per twenty-four hours for 5 yearss per hebdomad. High buoy uping the fact that joint mobilisation seem to be more practical and less clip devouring than its opposite number. Decision: In decision there is still no consensus sing which therapy is the most successful for handling alterations to connective tissue and decreased ROM of articulations post immobilisation. Nevertheless through the literature research grounds has shown that low and high class articulation mobilizations in isolation and in concurrence with other interventions i.e. inactive stretching are efficient in cut downing hurting in patients and increasing joint scope of gesture with joint immobilisation. Role of Radiographer:

Abuses of Technology

For the skeptic minds, this quotation is enough to rest the debate, however for many, It becomes important to make them see the other side of the picture as well. Social networking, news and knowledge on the go, cures and diagnosis of many diseases, connectivity around the world and turning the world in to a global village are some of the benefits of the technology. Sadly, humans have become so shallow that we close our eyes to any harmful effect of the things that give us the benefit of even the slightest percentage.Ladies and gentlemen, the problems that we are facing today's are Like a tribe with technology as their tribal flouters ancestor. Allow me to state my stance. Teen depression. Teen suicide. The figures attached to these numbers are massive and the rate of growth In these numbers Is high as well. The mall reason attached behind Is the abuse the teenagers face especially on the social networks such as Faceable. Everyone becomes a victim. No one has a personal life anymore. Privacy becomes an issue. Pictures of girls are circulated around the globe. One rumor is enough to ruin the life of an individual.Family ties are limited online as well. The emotional level is as unpredictable as a network connection. Weapons in the hands of the army are a symbol of valor and safety, in the hands of racist groups are the symbols of terrorism. This is the exact scenario for the social networking platforms. Little good has come out from social media activist than the harm from the rest of the world. Technology is used by many to gain knowledge. Everything is just a click away for the world. But let us question our self on an honest note, what type of knowledge do we gain from it. For how long can we sit and study.Books are the most renewable resource of information and knowledge and even while sitting online, we are referred to books. The harmful causes attached to it, eye sight, and constant vulnerability to radiations lead to cancerous diseases. Let us go back. Ir aq! What good use did technology bring? Nuclear bombs? Weapons of mass destruction? They said technology will lead to the exact location. Let me remind everyone where it led after killings millions, to a single word, Sorry. In the end ladies and gentlemen, I rest my case for the intellect of your mind to decide without being bias.By Sarah Alicia Abuses of Technology By Sarah-Alicia it becomes important to make them see the other side of the picture as well. Social are like a tribe with technology as their tribal fictitious ancestor. Allow me to state my and the rate of growth in these numbers is high as well. The main reason attached behind is the abuse the teenagers face especially on the social networks such as world. Technology is used by many to gain knowledge. Everything is Just a click away killings millions, too single word, Sorry. In the end ladies and gentlemen.

Free Essays on My Speech

All fiction is autobiographical, no matter how obscure from the author's experience it may be, marks of their life can be detected in any of their tales. A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway is based largely on Hemingway's own personal experiences. The main character of the novel, Frederic Henry, experiences many of the same situations that Hemingway lived. Some of these similarities are exact, while some are less similar, and some events have a completely different outcome. Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway worked as a reporter for the Kansas City Star after graduating from high school in 1917. During World War I, he served as an ambulance driver in the Italian infantry and was wounded just before his 19th birthday. Hospitalized, Hemingway fell in love with an older nurse. Later, while working in Paris as a correspondent for the Toronto Star, he became involved with the expatriate literary and artistic circle surrounding Gertrude Stein. During the Spanish Civil War, Hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side. He fought in World War II and then settled in Cuba in 1945. In 1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. After his expulsion from Cuba by the Castro regime, he moved to Idaho. In his life, Hemingway married four times and wrote numerous essays, short stories and novels. The effects of Hemingway's lifelong depressions, illnesses and accidents caught up with him. In July 1961, he committed suicide in Ketchum, Idaho. What remains, are his works, the product of a talented author. A Farewell to Arms is the story of Frederic Henry, an American, driving an ambulance for the Italian Army during World War I. The novel takes us through Frederic's experiences in war and his love affair with Catherine Barkley, an American nurse in Italy. The novel starts in the northern mountains of Italy at the beginning of World War I. ... Free Essays on My Speech Free Essays on My Speech All fiction is autobiographical, no matter how obscure from the author's experience it may be, marks of their life can be detected in any of their tales. A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway is based largely on Hemingway's own personal experiences. The main character of the novel, Frederic Henry, experiences many of the same situations that Hemingway lived. Some of these similarities are exact, while some are less similar, and some events have a completely different outcome. Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois. Hemingway worked as a reporter for the Kansas City Star after graduating from high school in 1917. During World War I, he served as an ambulance driver in the Italian infantry and was wounded just before his 19th birthday. Hospitalized, Hemingway fell in love with an older nurse. Later, while working in Paris as a correspondent for the Toronto Star, he became involved with the expatriate literary and artistic circle surrounding Gertrude Stein. During the Spanish Civil War, Hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side. He fought in World War II and then settled in Cuba in 1945. In 1954, Hemingway was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. After his expulsion from Cuba by the Castro regime, he moved to Idaho. In his life, Hemingway married four times and wrote numerous essays, short stories and novels. The effects of Hemingway's lifelong depressions, illnesses and accidents caught up with him. In July 1961, he committed suicide in Ketchum, Idaho. What remains, are his works, the product of a talented author. A Farewell to Arms is the story of Frederic Henry, an American, driving an ambulance for the Italian Army during World War I. The novel takes us through Frederic's experiences in war and his love affair with Catherine Barkley, an American nurse in Italy. The novel starts in the northern mountains of Italy at the beginning of World War I. ...

Human Rights Essays (737 words) - Human Rights, Humanism

Human Rights Essays (737 words) - Human Rights, Humanism Human Rights I agree that human rights do not lend themselves to neat formulae. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) aims at guarding the interest of people residing in different countries. However, the political and cultural environment of a country would shape these rights. Some of the rights the essay would be discussing are the equality of the sexes, right to freedom of speech and education. Contrary to the West, women in Asia are often exploited and deprived of their rights in many areas, particularly in employment. This phenomenon can be attributed to the tradition and cultural differences between the two. Despite the influence of the west brought about by industrialization, the Asian Society is still rather conservative and very much in touch with the teachings of Confucius. Even till today, they are unable to completely abandon the concept of women being the weaker sex. Although the UDHR proclaims, "Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work." (UN, 1948, Article 23 (2)), it is not uncommon to hear that women are paid lower than men are. Women accept the fact that they are weaker as compared to men in terms of work in this male dominated society. They are taught to be submissive and regard their family as the top most priority in their childhood. Moreover, employers believe that women are home bounded and contributions to t! he company would be minimal as they work fewer days, in comparison to men, due to the entitlement of their maternity leaves. In the eyes of the west, this would be a violation of human rights but to an Asian, a cultural difference. "Everyone has the right to education." (UN, 1948, Article 26 (1)) does not hold in Asian context. Every American child is endowing with the right of education but receiving education is a form of luxury to the unfortunate Asian children. Most Asian countries are agricultural based and children are view as helping hands in the fields. Hence, children below the age of ten are often seen helping in the fields. Agrarian societies are generally poor parents are more concern with earning enough money to feed the family than paying for their children's education. Although the United Nations emphasize the importance of education and stress that "Education shall be free,?" (UN, 1948), these countries have no means of providing education as a free good. Families that are better off would send only the males to school, as they believe that males have to provide for the family in future. Girls are thought to be a burden to the family and would eventually marry off, hence, educating them ! would not be economical to the family. The US is able to provide free education because of its strong economic foundation after years of development. Hence, it would not be fair to accuse the east of being a violator of rights for not providing education as a public good to its people because they simply cannot afford it; education comes after development. This statement manifest in the following extract, "In the developed countries, universal primary education and literacy came after the process of development as well on its way." (Kamla Bahsin, Literacy for Women, Why and How!). "Many governments are inclined to define human rights in the manner most convenient to suiting their own political interests." (Boutros Butros Ghali, 1993). The definition to "freedom of speech" is highly debatable. The differences in political environment between Singapore and the US have cast different viewpoints on this contention. Singapore takes a firm stand in this issue and will hold the speaker responsible for what he declares. The government clamps down on remarks that promote civil unrest such as those of religious and racial issues. Many countries see this as under-mining of the UDHR but this restriction is necessary for the survival of Singapore. Without it, a multiracial society in Singapore would collapse and the consequences, civil unrest and eventually civil war. No doubt that countries are obliged to uphold the UDHR, certain diversities should be tolerated as most countries are "endowed with ancient and sophisticated cultures" (Alatas, 1993) which may differ from one another. Thus, the international community must take into consideration the country's traditions,

International market research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International market research - Essay Example It is therefore paramount to understand that marketing research must be conducted by clients so that their audiences are traced much before the product/service is launched within the respective market territories, domains and zones. International marketing mix depends a great deal on how the distinctive marketing research tenets are discussed and what these factors outline is a need to amalgamate the essential present within the international marketing mix. The domestic marketing research is severely different because it aims to explore a national basis whereas the international regimes think and act within the global empire. Hence the marketing research is varied for both kinds of arenas, and there is reason enough to believe that each one of these has a calming influence on the two. This paper studies the basis of the international marketing mix decisions which require many varied kinds of marketing research that are global in nature and how the same are differentiated from the dom estic marketing research realms is something that shall be given significance here, with global examples. It is a fact that the marketing research which is measured within an international context is comparatively different from the one which is taken in within a domestic environment. The reason for the same is that there are many stakeholders when one considers the two cases. These include the businesses, the industrial giants, the stock exchanges, and so on. When data gets collected within an international marketing research regime, the focus is on collecting a sample of people who hail from a number of different nations and not just a singular country. However this is not the case when one thinks of the domestic regimes where the focus is on a particular country. One such example is of the marketing research that was done for Kellogg’s when it diversified into a new product line for the US markets. This was a domestic marketing research example and hence emphasis was put w ithin the local terrains. However when the marketing research was conducted for LG as a brand, the scope was global and hence a number of different countries were taken into consideration. Since LG is a global brand of repute and dignity, proper care was taken into count that many samples were explored and then analyzed upon in detail. The sample size was chosen to make sure that there was no missing link present with it. The marketing research was therefore very comprehensive and the samples were chosen with attention to detail. Hence the marketing research differences between Kellogg’s and LG are quite apparent here as the samples were chosen in light of the markets that were to be covered by the respective brands. If Kellogg’s wanted to move out and touch bases within other nations of the world, its audience would have been different and hence the scope would have broadened up as well. The approach used by Kellogg’s and LG are similar yet the scope for the tw o brands has been different. This is the reason why marketing research has been seen as international in one case and domestic in the other. Moving on, the most basic difference between international marketing research and domestic marketing research is that the former concentrates on the world’s different audiences while the latter is dependent on a single nation or entity so to speak. What this means is the fact that international mar

American history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 5

American history - Essay Example Walt should join this March as it was influential to the cessation of the war in Vietnam. He should join the protests because the protest was largely peaceful and led to a global phenomenon of peaceful demonstrations against the war. Given the fact that these protests and moratoria were mostly led by students and activists, Walt would be wise to join because he would become part of a major historical event whose multiplier effect led to the end of the War, 6 years later. If Walt fails to take my advice and choose to land in 1968, Walt will be faced with the Chicano Movement demonstrations. The movement led to demonstrations for a better educational reform for Mexican-American students in Los Angeles. More student demonstrations took place in L.A because the Chicano students felt there was unequal treatment in the American Educational system. Thousands of Mexican-American students from the five major schools in L.A pushed for a bilingual and bicultural education using their motto, â€Å"Chicano Power.† It will be unwise for Walt to join the demonstrations because he would be an outcast since white students did not participate in this demonstration and also because a number of protesters were injured, arrested and charged with felony. Since Walt loves politics, he should join Richard Nixon’s presidential campaigns and shun off Hubert Humphrey’s campaigns as it is not wise to align himself with a loser. At the end of the month in C hicago, police demonstrated against antiwar demonstrators. Walt should join this demonstration as it is an important part of the protests against the controversial Vietnam War. Democratic National Convention nominates Hubert Humphrey as its candidate for presidency (Provisions of the Constitution and United States Code Relating to Presidential Elections, par 5). Richard Nixon wins the November elections, which makes Walt’s support

Satellite Office Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Satellite Office Team - Essay Example On a different perspective, a team is collection of people having a common goal (Salaman, 2000; p. 99). From this perspective, it therefore follows that in teams individuals recognize that in order to attain personal success there is need for collaborative success. In teams, individuals are interdependent and significantly contribute their individual skills that culminate into end success celebrated as a team’s victory and not individual’s victory. The following is a report showing how as the manger of a Satellite Office Team will both organize and lead the staff. Satellite Office Team is a group of individuals, comprising of newly employed persons charged with responsibility of providing cost-control services to a client for a construction project (Mullins & Christy, 2010; p. 209). This Satellite Office Team comprises of eight full-time members, one being the manager, others are Quantity Surveyors, secretariats, and administrative supports. One striking feature with th is new team is that all staff except the manager are new appointments meaning that they have either never worked together as a team or have no idea of what it means to working as a team (Rollinson, 2004; p. 99). This report therefore is a proposal on various steps, directions, and activities applicable in order to enhance team performance. Organising and Leading the Satellite Office Team Notably, the Satellite Office Team requires a vibrant and cohesive manager with capabilities of enhancing team’s cohesiveness and performance. In order to achieve this, such a manager should embark on two major aspects of enhancing team cohesiveness and performance; working environment, and organisational. Leading and organising Satellite Office Team will require effective leadership and management and HR policies and procedures on the side of organisational and nature of tasks, physical setting, and communications on the other side of working environment amongst others (Capon, 2003). The fol lowing discussion describes how each of the aspects of organising and leading a team is applicable by the manager. Leadership and Management Mullins and Christy (2010; p. 373) define leadership as a mutual relationship that exist between a group of persons where one person influences the behaviour, actions, and performance of the other members of a group. In this case, the first concept that the manager should look into in a bid to promoting the actions of the Satellite Office Team is providing leadership (Mullins, 2006). It is true that within contemporary environment the nature of work is changing from the classical emphasis on enhancing performance through close control to a newer environment that looks at accomplishment of tasks through coaching, supporting, and empowering workers (Mullins & Christy, 2010; p. 373). Consequently, leadership role is changing concerning leading and organizing different teams in order to accomplish responsibilities bestowed against such a team. Atta ining set objectives and aims within a team is very essential not only to the team members but also to the leader. There is no doubt that a team is a mirror image of a leader upon which he or she will use to assess his or her capabilities regarding giving effective direction. In any case, group successes and failures are attributable to qualities and

C ivil rights movements Essay Example for Free

C ivil rights movements Essay This is a two-page, APA formatted paper that summarizes the purpose of Leonard Crow Dogs, the purpose of the Ghost Dance and how the U. S. government works to undermine Native American communities. It is based on a true story and is in relation to the novel â€Å"Lakota Woman† by Mary Crow Dogs. The story speaks about the hardship of Mary and the Lakota Indians. Leonard Crow Dog was a very important character in the novel, â€Å"Lakota Woman. † He was Mary’s husband and also a spiritual leader as well as a political leader of the American Indian Movement of 1960s and 70s. His purpose was to help build Mary’s self-esteem. Through Leonard’s support, Mary was able to rebuild her self esteem by performing speeches and by supporting the American Indian Movement. Leonard gave her a way to do her own spiritual rituals which she believed helped strengthen her. Because of Leonard’s leadership participation in the AIM Movement, his son was raised freely in the traditional way of his Indian culture. Leonard was also the one who restarted the Ghost Dance even thought it was previously forbidden. Due to the oppression from the Whites, Indians started a spiritual dance which they believed would deliver them from the oppression of the white men. They called it the Ghost Dance. The Ghost Dance was a way to relieve the American Native Indians from their extreme poverty, suffering and from the other hardships they encountered. They believed that the Ghost Dance would bring a messiah to them that would soon return the lands to the Indians, resurrect their dead ancestors, and restore their former ways of life (Richard P. Muniz 2006). White people feared the Ghost dance traditions believing that the dance was not proper and that the Indians would practice witchcraft on them. Therefore, the Ghost Dance was outlawed. The U. S. Government undermined the Indian communities through reservations. Indians were required to live a segregated life. They were treated as second class citizens and to make them â€Å"perfect† for the American’s way of life, the government forced their beliefs onto them. The government greatly attacked the Native American community way of life through sending the Native American children to an institution to break their ways of beliefs with the intention of molding them into a â€Å"respectful† American citizen of the white class. Using these schools were a great means to fix the Indian’s way of life. The government really believed that the schools were civilizing the Indian children and offering them a great opportunity for them to evolve into the white culture and Christianity. These schools were supposed to help them to become â€Å"first class† citizens instead of â€Å"second class. † However, the government did not understand that this was not the proper way or means to help the Indian children or Indian people at all. They were already oppressed by Indian Reservations and then placed into a school system to strip them of their cultural beliefs and then forced to accept customs that were not known to their forefathers. Mary describes the government as civilizing them with their stick or another way to say this is with discipline. Mary states that, â€Å"children were like the victims of Nazi concentration camps† (pg. 28). The Indian Sun Dance which is another common tradition of the Indian culture and their community was outlawed by the government as well as the Ghost Dance. The Government forced many Indians into slum housing after taking their tribal lands. These slum homes had no electricity, plumbing, or technology. Most of them would have to live in the dark and in small cabins. Their way of living was very limited unlike the White Americans who had electricity and plumbing. They were unable to find employment due to racial restrictions from white people which resulted in high unemployment for the Indian culture. Many Indians were killed due to being accused for murderers they didn’t commit. Mary mentions in the story that many Indian family members were killed. In addition, many Indian families were punished by the government for having civil rights movements with attempts to help their community to become strong. Mary’s husband was also one of the unfortunate one’s who was thrown in jail many times for his radical civil rights movements. References Dog, M. C. (1990). Lakota Woman. New York: New York.

War :: essays papers

war Day after day on the news we see what the damage that violence has caused. Lots of people in this world think that it would be a better place with out violence, but that most assuredly will not happen. Most violence is horrible and unruly and quite unnecessary, however there are types of violence, which, for lack of a better word, needed. For this I mean Wars, self-defense and entertainment, which are completely necessary and have shaped history. Wars are how people defend themselves on a larger more powerful scale the use national power instead of individual to defend their way of life. Wars are the absolute source of violence nowhere else does it get more violent now that we have the use of the atom and smart weapons. Wars have divided countries and made friends were before they were none. Thousands upon thousands of people English and American alike died in the bloodiest war on American soil. This war conveyed violence at its best and as a result won America the independence we have so long been accustomed to. There is no way to try and call this revolutionary act needless or unwanted. No one that is alive today can remember anything about the American Revolution, except of what they read in books and so forth. Many books on the American Revolution give facts in great detail and depth, but they do not convey the brutality and the harshness that accord there. A far cry from the Revolutionary War is the Entertainment Business, particularly wrestling and Action movies. Television stations are littered with advertisements for the up coming wrestling events and new hit action suspense movies, both of which show little blurbs of people getting body slammed or blown up or even killed depending on the source but there is one thing they share, they all use violence in there advertisements. People today like seeing this type of thing, they pay top dollar to go to see their favorite wrestler and or movie star perform. At any wrestling venue you can see thousands of people waving and yelling at people they like and dislike, for them it is a release of emotions and a good time for all. People need shows and things of this nature to help people relax and let loose some of there pent up anger and aggression, plus it feels good to.

Injustice: Black People and Martin Luther King Essay

In a â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†, Martin Luther King, Jr. said â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.† This means that if we let injustice happen, then this injustice will grow and start to affect good people. We cannot afford to ignore something bad happening in one place. If injustice occurs and no action is taken against this injustice, then people who hear about what happened might think this injustice is acceptable, and continue being unfair. In â€Å"Justice & Injustice† Eloy Ponce says, â€Å"if we allow injustices to be committed against other people, those injustices too, could soon be committed against us.† Ponce’s idea interested me because it is also a true statement. If we let injustice happen, the injustice will be committed against us. When there was segregation, most white people didn’t do anything to help the African Americans. White people let segregation happen whether they agreed or disagreed with the kind of treatment the black people received because whites were not affected directly. Due to this, these days, some black people accuse white people of being racist. There were some white people that did stand up for the rights of blacks, and a few even died for this belief. They were people that truly understood the meaning of justice, and knew that if nothing was done, the injustice being committed would threaten justice everywhere. Justice and injustice are often in a battle of which is stronger. Acts of injustice spread easily, overcoming the ideals of justice. When a crowd acts, it is very difficult for people to standup against the crowd. It is easier for everyone to say they agree, even though they truly disagree. Only the brave few are willing to accept the consequences of standing up for what they believe in. I think this is what Martin Luther King, Jr. meant when he said â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.† It is a person’s moral responsibility to uphold just ideas.

Macbeth †Closing Address to the Jury, Prosecution. Essay

Good morrow esteemed lords and ladies of the court, it is within my regrets to tell you that our â€Å"noble† thane (of both Glamis and Cawdor) and King Macbeth has murdered our fair (late) King Duncan for his own traitorous and greedy purposes. Macbeth has betrayed his country and committed regicide, the highest form of sacrilege. The prosecution has found Macbeth guilty beyond a reasonable doubt, with several accounts of murder, manslaughter, attempted murder, one account of regicide and conspiring to murder. (accessory to murder) 😛 Macbeth is a murderous heathen, whom sought to heighten himself to the rank of King by betraying the country (already stated this), his King and god. An earlier witness; one of Macbeth’s â€Å"Loyal† servants, (the gentle woman) stated that he had heard Macbeth whispering â€Å"I go, and it is done. The bell invites me. Hear it not, Duncan, for it is a knell that summons thee to heaven or to hell.† Obviously scared of Macbeth’s murderous mind, the servant stayed quiet until now. There were more witnesses as of yesterday, as a cutthroat hired by Macbeth told the jury of the atrocities he had performed, before being dragged off to be executed. To quote; the murderer said â€Å"Macbeth threatened me with a certain death if I were to betray him. That was just a shimmer of the murderer within him.† The prosecution would also like to point out that straight after Duncan’s body was found, Macbeth killed the two intoxicated guards, blaming these poor innocent men for the murder, and also dispatching of two possible witnesses. Macbeth did also state â€Å"O, yet I do repent me of my fury, that I did kill them.† In stating â€Å"them†, Macbeth could have been referring to both the murdered slaves and our fair King Duncan. Macbeth also insinuated that the drunken guards murdered Duncan in his sleep, but if you look and think, and I am sure you are all intelligent Lords and Ladies, a drunken guard cannot harm more than a fly (people who are drunk are more likely to become very aggressive), as they would not be able to stand. In an earlier testimony, we called upon Lady Macbeth, who, when confronted with the evidence and questioning, cracked under pressure and confessed her hand in murdering Duncan. Lady Macbeth acknowledged Macbeth and herself plotting to murder Duncan, Banquo, and MacDuff’s wife and children. Macbeth also attempted to murder Fleance and MacDuff. A servant came forth and stated that Lady Macbeth had whispered to Macbeth â€Å"Infirm of purpose! Give me the daggers. The sleeping and the dead, are but as pictures. ‘Tis the eye of childhood, that fears a painted devil. If he do bleed, I’ll gild the faces of the grooms withal, For it must seem their guilt.† Lady Macbeth obviously did not know she was whispering loud enough for the Servant to hear. Unfortunately, Lady Macbeth has passed away now, taking her life before more answers arose. The defence earlier tried to state Macbeth was acting under the influence of three evil witches. They stated that the witches had told him â€Å"All hail, Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter!† According to the defence, this justifies treason, heresy, murder and plotting against the crown. The court was lucky (luck is not a part of their nature) enough to get one of the Witches (Weird Sisters and they don’t listen to petty human demands and/or requests) in the room, whom stated that â€Å"Macbeth sought to murder King Duncan on his own accord; we witches merely stated he would be King.† The Witch denied fuelling Macbeth’s murderous tendencies. MacDuff, slayer of the late Macbeth, retold the account of his family’s murder, which was issued by Macbeth. He stated to the court that his wife and son were in the midst of talking when a murderer ( he wasn’t there when they were murdered he had heard news of it but never witnessed it ), sent by Macbeth shook the residence by declaring that he was a traitor. He stated that his son, a brave young lad, meant to protect his father’s name. His honourable son screeched at the Murderer, â€Å"Thou liest, thou shag-eared villain!† This was followed by a fatal stab to his son, in which Lady MacDuff ran, shouting murder. The villainous murderer sought after Lady MacDuff, who could not outrun the murderous lunatic. MacDuff was severely shaken during this testimony, for reasons obvious to the court. He also recounted the end of Macbeth, in affirming â€Å"I held his head†¦ I held the head  of the treacherous king. I had to do it; he slaughtered my family, my life! I regret to say I enjoyed it, enjoyed taking back what he took from me.† If this does not prove the guilt of Macbeth, I do not know what does. As the court can see, the mind inside of Macbeth was a sickening one, as he ordered the slaughter of innocent people, to secure his position as King. In all these dishonourable acts, I believe it is in the interest of the court to say that Macbeth is guilty of multiple accounts of treason, murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, regicide and heresy. I thank you, esteemed lords and ladies, for your time in this period of turmoil. May King Duncan rest in peace, and the wicked Macbeth burn for his crimes.

Feminism in Antigone and Medea Essay Example

Feminism in Antigone and Medea Essay Example Feminism in Antigone and Medea Paper Feminism in Antigone and Medea Paper Essay Topic: Antigone Medea Feminism has always been an intense and debated subject. Many renowned authors have written works in favour of it. Two of them were Euripides and Anouilh, who depicted two strong women, Antigone and Medea. In spite of living in fifth century Greece where women had little or no rights at all, they defied men in power. By doing this they proved womens equality to men. In this respect they were both feminists. Both plays show feministic traits and at the same time show anti-feministic ones. In this essay I will investigate these traits. The main theme in Medea is feminism. Through the character of Medea, Euripides promotes his ideas on feminism to the traditional Greek society. Medea is a strong willed woman. She will do anything to get her will and no man can stop her. When she still loved Jason she went as far as killing her own kin for him. When Jason later wants to get rid of her and Creon wants to expel her from the country, she does not let them treat her as a helpless puppy and defeat her. To avenge herself on Jason for betraying her after all she has done for him, and Creon for giving his daughters hand in marriage to Jason and wanting to expel Medea, she kills not only Creon and his daughter but also her own two sons, just to make Jason suffer even more. She is constantly dominating her situation, using her cleverness and getting exactly what she wants. One example of this is when she says to Creon: Allow me to remain here just for this one day, so I may consider where to live in my exile. : Thus she persuades him, by playing on his emotions and weaknesses, to let her stay in the country long enough to carry out her plans, although Creon hates her and wants her out of the country as soon as possible. Or when she makes Aegeus swear that he will give her exile. Another example of this is when she makes Jason believe she has no objections to his marriage with Creusa, in order to make Jason let her sons enter the palace to give the bride her present. Jason however is shown to hold almost no power at all throughout the play and cannot do anything to stop Medea from ruining his life and escaping unpunished. In many ways Medea is masculine. She is fearless in opposing powerful men like Creon and her father. She expresses that she wishes to be treated like a man when she says: I would very much rather stand three times in front of a battle than bear one child. This is also the case when she says Or sharpen a sword and thrust it to the heart She is brutal and cold-hearted. It is not usual of a woman to kill her own brother and children. The chorus in Medea represents the women of the society. The chorus expresses Euripides feministic views. They support her and sympathize with her. They even encourage her to avenge Jasons infidelity by saying she has the right to do it and continually condemning men who are unfaithful to their women. Although Medea has all these pro-feministic traits, there are characteristics of hers that are not so much in the favour of feminism. Western cultural tradition has helped assure male rule by constantly associating men with reason, objectivity, logic and the like, while women are linked to the body, matter, evil, emotions, an absence of logic and reason and the like. Medeas behaviour is based on emotions, which is one of the characteristics chauvinists associate women with. Her actions are the result of her strong emotions. She is a passionate person who follows her heart no matter the consequences. When she betrays her father and kills her brother she is blinded by her love for Jason. Later when she is full of fury and rage as a result of Jasons disloyalty she thinks of nothing but revenge. In her outrage she kills among others, two innocent children. She shows traces of evil in her lack of sympathy for others and her selfishness. She is not rational. She does not reflect wisely on her actions and acts impulsively. Having these qualities she does not make a good feministic role model. Anouilh did not write Antigone for feministic purposes as Euripides did. Still it is appreciated by many as a contribution to feminism. This is due to Antigones strong character. Feminism was a more familiar concept in Anouilhs time i. e. the twentieth century. Many a person has characterised Antigone as a true feminist. One reason for this is that she does not accept the boundaries the patriarchal society has set for her as a woman. She will not get married just to get some children and be the maid of the house. She expresses her opinions, even if they are contrary to that of the king, a man. When Creon makes a law that contradicts the divine law that states for all persons to be buried properly, she will not remain silent. More importantly, Creons prohibition of Polynices burial is against all she values, believes in, and lives for, therefore she will go against it even if it means death. Even as a child Antigone was different from other little girls. She played with water and earth, gave all her money to beggars, ate out of every dish at once and ran in the wind so fast that she fell down. Since then they have tried to tame her. But now she can be herself for the first time. When trying to talk her out of burying her brother Ismene says: its all very well for men to believe in ideas and die for them. But you are a girl! In answer to that Antigone replies: Havent I spent my life cursing the fact that I was a girl? Ismene is the typical girl, who spends much time on her appearance, is obedient, keeps on reminding Antigone that she cannot do this and that because she is only a girl, and is afraid of what Creon might do to them. Antigone is the opposite of Ismene. She does not pay attention to her looks, is neither docile nor silent because she is a girl, and is not afraid of Creon; she is brave. When Creon tries to belittle her by saying: You amuse me. Antigone answers: Oh, no, I dont. I frighten you God! Is there anything uglier than a frightened man This shows that she does not fear him and says whatever she wants to him, and is his equal. But, there are also some of Antigones actions that a feminist would not approve of. For example, that she respects her brothers because they are men. When Creon says: And later on, when they came home, wearing evening clothes, smoking cigarettes, they would have nothing to do with you; and you thought they were wonderful. Antigone replies: They were boys and I was a girl. Antigone knows that her brothers were corrupt, but nevertheless she was in awe of them. Antigone tells Ismene that she has spent her entire life cursing the fact that she was a girl. A feminist would say that she should be proud of being a woman. While both women are strong and brave feminists, they are quite different. Antigone is more good-natured, intelligent, rational and humane. She does not hurt anyone but herself willingly, and rebels against Creon for a good cause (her brothers and her own honour) she is therefore a heroine. Medea on the other hand is driven by emotion, she is barbaric, brutal, merciless and cold-hearted, and she is irrational and does not think of the consequences of her acts. Medea murders four innocent people just to get revenge for personal reasons, and is therefore a villain. Therefore Antigone makes a better feministic play than Medea, even though Medea was written for feministic reasons and Antigone by Jean Anouilh was written for political reasons and not feministic ones.